Eros is the Greek god of love. According to Hesiod's Theogony (circa 700 BCE), Eros was a primordial god, the son of Chaos, the universe's original primordial void, but later tradition identified him as the son of Aphrodite, goddess of sexual love and beauty, by either Zeus (the king of the gods), Ares (the god of war and battle), or Hermes (divine messenger of the gods).
Not only was Eros a god of passion, but also of fertility. His brother was Anteros, the deity of reciprocal love, who was occasionally referred to be his adversary. Pothos and Himeros were Eros's principal associates (Longing and Desire). Subsequent writers postulated the existence of many Erotes (like the several versions of the Roman Amor). He degraded into a naughty youngster in Alexandrian poetry.
In Archaic art, he was depicted as a lovely winged youth but was gradually reduced in size until he was reduced to a baby by the Hellenistic period. His primary cult center was at Thespiae in Boeotia, where he celebrated the Erotidia. Additionally, he shared a sanctuary with Aphrodite on the north wall of Athens' Acropolis.
Perhaps no myth is more enthralling and intriguing than that of Eros and Psyche, which is as follows: Psyche, the youngest of three princesses, was so stunningly lovely that Aphrodite herself was envious of her, and no mortal dared to seek her hand in marriage. As her sisters, who were far more attractive than she, married, and Psyche remained unmarried, her father consulted the oracle of Delphi, and, in conformity to the divine response, had her clothed as if for the grave, and led her to the edge of a yawning abyss. She was alone no longer as she felt herself lifted up and carried away by the soft west wind Zephyrus, who whisked her away to a green meadow centered around a magnificent palace surrounded by groves and fountains.
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References
Breitenberger, Barbara. Aphrodite and Eros: the development of Greek erotic mythology. Routledge, 2013.
Rose, Herbert Jennings. A handbook of Greek mythology. Routledge, 2004.
Wyatt, Jean. "The Celebration of Eros: Greek Concepts of Love and Beauty in To the Lighthouse." Philosophy and Literature 2.2 (1978): 160-175.
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